Our “Lists” articles are designed to explore one element within architecture and also answer a question, such as, “what is Byzantine Architecture?”
Romanticism was an idea that completely transformed architecture in the 19th century. Many architects began studying Europe’s Medieval Past and wished to design new buildings that embodied the spirit of this now long-gone age. Romanticism influenced other architectural ideologies such as Historicism, Revivalism, and the Picturesque Movement. Today, there are countless Romantic Age Castles located throughout Europe and the rest of the world.
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Today the Roman Forum remains extremely influential. We still visit many of these ancient sites, and the legacy of Roman Forums can be seen throughout the modern world. Nearly all cities are still built around central open spaces used for events and gatherings. And the term “forum” is still used to describe lectures, public speeches, seminars, and symposiums.
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Art Nouveau was an important movement in both art and architecture. Art Nouveau Design broke away from the traditionalism of the Revival Period and utilized a more innovative, fluid, and lively aesthetic. The Art Nouveau Style would emerge in cities like Brussels, Vienna, and Paris during the 1890s, and would become a flourishing architectural movement throughout Europe by the early 1900s. Art Nouveau Architecture remains highly influential in the modern age, and many people still draw from the holistic and comprehensive approach to design that was made famous during the Art Nouveau Period.
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Art Deco Architecture was a building style that was popular in the early 1900s. It is known for its vertical emphasis, elongated lines, simple sculptural elements, and the use of chrome, steel, and other metals. Some of the most famous examples of Art Deco Architecture are the skyscrapers of New York City, and there are countless other examples of the Art Deco Style found in cities throughout the globe.
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Today many impressive examples of Beaux Arts Architecture can be found throughout the world. These structures combine a blend of different architectural styles and also utilize a strong sense of Grandeur and new modern building elements like skylights and glass domes. The Beaux Arts Movement began in the late 19th century and would live on until the early 20th century. Beaux Arts Architecture was a key component in the dozens of World Fairs that occurred during this time period, and many of the world’s greatest cities still contain monuments from this period.
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The Second Empire Style was an architectural style that became popular in the late 19th century. The term “Second Empire” references the French Second Empire, the state that controlled France and its colonial territories during the late 1800s. Second Empire Architecture was mainly utilized in Western Europe and North America, but can also be found all over the world.
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Baroque Revival Architecture was a popular building style during the Revival Period of the 19th century. The Revival Period was an architectural age focused on recreating the historic buildings of the past. Baroque Revival Architecture mimics the structures of the Baroque Age which began in the early 17th century. Baroque Revival Architecture was a key component in the Revival Era, and today many examples of NeoBaroque Buildings can be found throughout the world.
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Renaissance Revival Architecture, which is often referred to as NeoRenaissance Architecture, was a building style that was popular during the Revival Period. The Revival Period was an architectural age focused on recreating the historic buildings of the past. Renaissance Revival Architecture mimics the buildings of the Renaissance, which was an art movement that began in Florence during the 1400s. Renaissance Revival Architecture was a key component in the Revival Era, and today many examples of NeoRenaissance Buildings can be found all over the world.
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Gothic Revival Architecture, also referred to as “NeoGothic”, was a form of architecture that was used extensively throughout the Revival Age. The Revival Age began in the 1800s, and it had a focus on replicating the buildings of the past. Gothic Revival Architecture emulates traditional Gothic Architecture, which was popular in Europe from the 13th to the 15th century. Gothic Revival Architecture can be found all over the world, and it is particularly popular within religious, and government buildings.
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Romanesque Revival Architecture, also known as Neo Romanesque Architecture, was a building style that reached its peak in popularity during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a major style within the Revival Movement, which was a period when most architecture was designed to replicate the buildings of the past. Romanesque Revival Architecture coexisted alongside other revival styles, including Neoclassical, NeoByzantine, NeoGothic, NeoRenaissance, and NeoBaroque. Romanesque Revival Architecture can be found throughout the world, particularly in the United States, Canada, and Western Europe.
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Byzantine Revival Architecture, also known as NeoByzantine Architecture, was a building style that reached its peak in popularity during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was part of the Revival Movement, a period when most architecture was designed to replicate the buildings of the past. Byzantine Revival buildings were designed to mimic older works of Byzantine Architecture by utilizing many Byzantine design elements such as domes, round arches, and mosaics.
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The Crusades were a very critical era in the History of Europe and the Mediterranean. After Jerusalem was Captured in the First Crusade, there was a frenzy of construction in and around the Holy Land. Dozens of castles were built in an attempt to fortify and protect the area from invasion, and to help facilitate the arrival of European Pilgrims. Many different Crusader Castles can be found all over the Eastern Mediterranean and they are some of the world’s most iconic examples of Medieval Military Architecture. The Size, complexity, and quantity of these castles illustrates how influential the Crusades were to the history and development of Jerusalem and the Holy Land.
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Although Rococo Architecture was a relatively short-lived style that lasted less than 100 years, it is still one of the major movements in architectural history. Rococo Buildings took many of the aspects of Baroque Architecture and greatly enhanced them – creating spaces that were incredibly grand, audacious, and inspiring. Rococo Architecture can be found in many of the world’s largest palaces, and it is a style that is synonymous with the autonomous rule of most 18th-century monarchies. The lavishness of the Rococo Age would eventually lead to major social and political changes in Europe, and over time a new more practical style known as Neoclassical Architecture would emerge as the world’s most dominant building form.
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Neoclassical Architecture remains one of the major architectural movements in world history. Born after the irrational exuberance of the Late Baroque and Rococo Ages, Neoclassical Architecture was a return to the more practical and timeless designs of the ancient Greeks and Romans. Neoclassicism became a global style by the 19th century, and many cities such as Washington D.C., London, and St. Petersburg all contain great numbers of Neoclassical buildings. Today there is still a strong association between Neoclassical Architecture and modern Democracy, and some of the world’s most well-known buildings were constructed during the Neoclassical Age.
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Baroque Architecture is one of the world’s first intercontinental building forms. It spread from Europe to other parts of the globe thanks to the many European Colonies that existed during the Baroque Age. Many Baroque palaces, churches, and public squares can be found in cities throughout the world, and some of the most recognizable structures on earth such as the Palace of Versailles and the Trevi Fountain were designed in the Baroque Style.
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